Bonds

=Bonds formed by atoms= toc

Essential Question
Ionic, covalent, and forming diamonds vs. graphite

Content Knowledge

 * ~ GA: Science (GPS) GA: Grade 8 Habits of the Mind ||
 * S8CS1. Students will explore the importance of curiosity, honesty, openness, and skepticism in science and will exhibit these traits in their own efforts to understand how the world works. ||
 * a. Understand the importance of-and keep-honest, clear, and accurate records in science. ||  ||
 * b. Understand that hypotheses can be valuable even if they turn out not to be completely accurate. ||  ||
 * S8CS2. Students will use standard safety practices for all classroom laboratory and field investigations. ||
 * a. Follow correct procedures for use of scientific apparatus. ||  ||
 * b. Demonstrate appropriate techniques in all laboratory situations. ||  ||
 * c. Follow correct protocol for identifying and reporting safety problems and violations. ||  ||
 * S8CS3. Students will have the computation and estimation skills necessary for analyzing data and following scientific explanations. ||
 * a. Analyze scientific data by using, interpreting, and comparing numbers in several equivalent forms, such as integers, fractions, decimals, and percents. ||  ||
 * b. Find the mean, median, and mode and use them to analyze a set of scientific data. ||  ||
 * c. Apply the metric system to scientific investigations that include metric to metric conversions (i.e., centimeters to meters). ||  ||
 * d. Decide what degree of precision is adequate, and round off appropriately. ||  ||
 * e. Address the relationship between accuracy and precision. ||  ||
 * f. Use ratios and proportions, including constant rates, in appropriate problems. ||  ||
 * S8CS4. Students will use tools and instruments for observing, measuring, and manipulating equipment and materials in scientific activities utilizing safe laboratory procedures. ||
 * a. Use appropriate technology to store and retrieve scientific information in topical, alphabetical, numerical, and keyword files, and create simple files. ||  ||
 * b. Use appropriate tools and units for measuring objects and/or substances. ||  ||
 * c. Learn and use standard safety practices when conducting scientific investigations. ||  ||
 * S8CS5. Students will use the ideas of system, model, change, and scale in exploring scientific and technological matters. ||
 * a. Observe and explain how parts can be related to other parts in a system such as the role of simple machines in complex machines. ||  ||
 * b. Understand that different models (such as physical replicas, pictures, and analogies) can be used to represent the same thing. ||  ||
 * S8CS6. Students will communicate scientific ideas and activities clearly. ||
 * a. Write clear, step-by-step instructions for conducting scientific investigations, operating a piece of equipment, or following a procedure. ||  ||
 * b. Write for scientific purposes incorporating information from a circle, bar, or line graph, data tables, diagrams, and symbols. ||  ||
 * c. Organize scientific information in appropriate tables, charts, and graphs, and identify relationships they reveal. ||  ||
 * S8CS7. Students will question scientific claims and arguments effectively. ||
 * a. Question claims based on vague attributions (such as "Leading doctors say...") or on statements made by people outside the area of their particular expertise. ||  ||
 * b. Identify the flaws of reasoning in arguments that are based on poorly designed research (e.g., facts intermingled with opinion, conclusions based on insufficient evidence). ||  ||
 * c. Question the value of arguments based on small samples of data, biased samples, or samples for which there was no control. ||  ||
 * d. Recognize that there may be more than one way to interpret a given set of findings. ||  ||
 * ~ GA: Science (GPS) GA: Grade 8 Physical Science ||
 * S8P1. Students will examine the scientific view of the nature of matter. ||
 * a. Distinguish between atoms and molecules. ||  ||
 * b. Describe the difference between pure substances (elements and compounds) and mixtures. ||  ||
 * c. Describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas states. ||  ||
 * d. Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of matter as physical (i.e., density, melting point, boiling point) or chemical (i.e., reactivity, combustibility). ||  ||
 * e. Distinguish between changes in matter as physical (i.e., physical change) or chemical (development of a gas, formation of precipitate, and change in color). ||  ||
 * f. Recognize that there are more than 100 elements and some have similar properties as shown on the Periodic Table of Elements. ||  ||
 * g. Identify and demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Matter. ||

Skills
1. What can we find out about the following?

- atoms, protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic number, mass number, configuration of the atom, ion, isotopes, element,

2. What is the difference between an atom and an element?,

3. How is the periodic table arranged?,

4. All Elements in the same group share what characteristics?,

5. What is electron configuration?,

6. What is a compound?,

7. What are valence electrons?,

8. What is the difference between groups and periods?,

9. How is atomic mass calculated?,

10. Dmitri Mendeleev first organized the Periodic Table by ..."

11. What are the groups on the periodic table?

12. Synonyms for groups?

13. Synonyms for periods?

14. What Element involves organic matter?

Background knowledge
Info on the Atom

Lewis Structure

Bohr Model

Bohr and Lewis worksheet

Background on ionic bonds

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Evidence of knowledge
Atomic Structure worksheet

Links
Element Games

PhET Building an Atom

Jefferson Lab bonding practice

PhET chemical balancing practice

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